


Returned to Rome and worked for underground papers, 1921-29 broke with the Communist Party. Became a communist and helped establish the Italian Communist Party which sent him to Russia in 1921 and to Spain in 1923 twice imprisoned in Spain for political reasons. Career: Secretary of the Federation of Land Workers of the Abruzzi, 1917 member of the Italian Socialist Youth Movement, 1917-21 editor of Avanguardia, a leftist paper, Rome, 1921-22. Education: Attended Jesuit and other Catholic schools in the Abruzzi and in Rome. Born: Secundo Tranquilli in Pescina, Italy.
